全球90%以上儿童每天呼吸有毒的空气( 二 ) _云知道

具体行动应包括：
卫生部门采取行动，向卫生专业人员提供信息、教育和资源，同时积极参与跨部门政策制定。
实施减少空气污染的政策：所有国家都应努力满足世卫组织全球空气质量指南的标准，以加强儿童的健康与安全。为实现这一目标，各国政府应采取措施，减少全球能源结构中对化石燃料的过度依赖，投资提高能源效率，并促进对可再生能源的利用。更好的废物管理可以减少社区内燃烧的废物量，从而减少“社区空气污染” 。专用于家庭烹饪、取暖和照明活动的清洁技术和燃料可以大大改善家庭和周围社区的空气质量。
采取措施尽量避免儿童暴露于受污染的空气，例如使学校和游乐场远离繁忙的道路、工厂和发电厂等主要空气污染源。

针对空气污染的“生命呼吸”运动：这是在世卫组织、联合国环境署和减少短期气候污染物的气候与清洁空气联盟之间建立的一个伙伴关系，旨在提高政府和个人对空气污染的认识并鼓励其采取行动。

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More than 90% of the world’s children breathe toxic air every day
Every day around 93% of the world’s children under the age of 15 years (1.8 billion children) breathe air that is so polluted it puts their health and development at serious risk. Tragically, many of them die: WHO estimates that in 2016, 600,000 children died from acute lower respiratory infections caused by polluted air.

A new WHO report on Air pollution and child health: Prescribing clean air examines the heavy toll of both ambient (outside) and household air pollution on the health of the world’s children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The report is being launched on the eve of WHO’s first ever Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health.
It reveals that when pregnant women are exposed to polluted air, they are more likely to give birth prematurely, and have small, low birth-weight children. Air pollution also impacts neurodevelopment and cognitive ability and can trigger asthma, and childhood cancer. Children who have been exposed to high levels of air pollution may be at greater risk for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease later in life.

“Polluted air is poisoning millions of children and ruining their lives,” says Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “This is inexcusable. Every child should be able to breathe clean air so they can grow and fulfil their full potential.”
One reason why children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of air pollution is that they breathe more rapidly than adults and so absorb more pollutants.
They also live closer to the ground, where some pollutants reach peak concentrations – at a time when their brains and bodies are still developing.
Newborns and young children are also more susceptible to household air pollution in homes that regularly use polluting fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting
“Air Pollution is stunting our children’s brains, affecting their health in more ways than we suspected. But there are many straight-forward ways to reduce emissions of dangerous pollutants,” says Dr Maria Neira, Director, Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health at WHO.
“WHO is supporting implementation of health-wise policy measures like accelerating the switch to clean cooking and heating fuels and technologies, promoting the use of cleaner transport, energy-efficient housing and urban planning. We are preparing the ground for low emission power generation, cleaner, safer industrial technologies and better municipal waste management, ” she added.