Fixed kiln rosette ewer
Ding Kiln, the center of white porcelain in northern China, began in the Tang Dynasty and was the successor of Xing Kiln, which was developed in the Five Dynasties. In 1938, the ancient kiln site was found in Jianci Village, Quyang County, Hebei Province. In recent years, many excavations and investigations have found fragments of the late Tang dynasty in the lowest layer; In the middle, the five generations were already mass-produced; The top layer is a thin piece of porcelain with printing and flower painting, which belongs to the period of Zhenghe and Xuanhe after the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty. These thin tiles, with firm viaduct, glossy glaze and graceful patterns, are indeed a very advanced variety; And some are the nature of the imperial kiln, such as "Shang Food bureau, ban Yuan, Fenghua, guan" and other carved on the discovery of broken pieces, it can be proved. In addition, piles of coarse porcelain pieces were found in the Western Yanshan site, as well as porcelain and fragments of ding kiln widely found all over the country, which proves that ding kiln also fired a large number of porcelain for folk use after the early Northern Song Dynasty. Ding kiln mainly produces white porcelain, but also colored glazes, such as red ding, purple ding and black ding. According to "jun youhui - xinmin kiln" records, ding kiln, from the Northern Song Dynasty, the status of the increase, the imitation of many around. In the concept of ding kiln itself, there are various names of breeding milk, only a white, there are soil and powder. There are two kinds of clay and clay. Tile fetus is light red soil, pottery fetus is white soil and slightly yellow, loose quality, thicker body; The sleeve color is white, shining yellow or red, easy to peel off, or there are large open pieces, it is the original and civilian fixed device. Powder set, is a progressive and official set, with pottery and porcelain fetuses, dense and thin body, glaze color pure white as milk, or with light red, often brush lines in the glaze, glaze condensation, such as tears.
Fixed kiln ware is loved by people for its colorful pattern decoration. Decorative techniques are mainly white glaze printing, white glaze carving and white glaze drawing, as well as white glaze picking flowers and gold color tracing flowers, beautiful and elegant patterns. In the early northern Song Dynasty, the ding kiln was decorated with the beauty of bas-relief, with the pattern of heavy lotus petals as the classic. In the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, the engraved decoration is exquisite and unique. Decorative patterns are often printed, scratched and piled flowers, beautiful and elegant. Printing pattern, natural form by clever deformation, constitute rigorous; Engraved flowers, more lively and vivid than printing, have a unique style. This porcelain is a typical fixed kiln ware of the Tang Dynasty, with heavy lotus petal pattern on the bottom. After thousands of years, it still looks like new. As the saying goes, if old ware is new, it is a treasure.
Blue and white porcelain, also known as blue and white porcelain, is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain. It is an under-glaze porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material. It is painted on the ceramic body and then covered with a layer of transparent glaze. It is fired by a high temperature reduction flame. Cobalt material is blue after firing, with strong coloring power, bright hair color, high firing rate, color stability. The original blue and white porcelain appeared in the Tang and Song dynasties, while the mature blue and white porcelain appeared in the Hutian kiln of Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. Blue and white porcelain became the mainstream in Ming Dynasty. It reached its peak during the Reign of Emperor Kangxi of qing Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties, also created the blue and white colorful, peacock green glaze blue and white, bean green glaze blue and white, blue and white red color, yellow blue and white, brother glaze blue and white and other derivatives.

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